Skip to main content
Ordered logistics terminal at blue hour with transport lanes and cranes

Risk research

Liability severity: what verdict data tells us

Large verdicts above $10M have grown at a compound rate far above wage or repair-cost inflation. We share the trend selections our liability underwriters are watching.

/ Updated / 13 min read

Casualty underwriting team - Global RE Underwriting

Ordered logistics terminal at blue hour with transport lanes and cranes

Key takeaways

  • A small number of large awards can reshape the expected loss cost of a whole liability book.
  • Loss triangles alone rarely explain severity, so submissions need a claims narrative.
  • Clear exclusions, limits discipline and claims escalation procedures all support capacity.

Severity is a portfolio issue

A small number of large awards can reshape the expected loss cost of an entire liability book. The effect is most visible where policy limits, attachment points, and jurisdictional exposure have not changed with the claims environment.

Global RE reviews verdict trends alongside cedant claims files to understand whether recent severity is isolated, emerging, or already embedded in pricing.

The submission needs a claims narrative

Loss triangles alone rarely explain why severity changed. Strong submissions describe venue shifts, plaintiff strategy, defence posture, settlement authority, and any changes in underwriting selection.

Where the narrative is credible, a reinsurer can distinguish adverse development from a portfolio that has already been remediated.

What supports capacity

Clear exclusions, disciplined limits deployment, subcontractor controls, and claims escalation procedures all support a better view of liability risk.

Attachment levels should reflect the time it takes for severity trends to emerge, not only the loss experience visible at renewal.

Frequently asked questions

What is social inflation in insurance?
Social inflation describes liability claims costs rising faster than general inflation, driven by factors such as larger jury awards, litigation funding and changing attitudes to corporate responsibility.
What should a casualty reinsurance submission include?
Loss triangles plus a claims narrative covering venue shifts, plaintiff strategy, defence posture, settlement authority and any changes in underwriting selection.
Back to insights

Share this article

Glass skyscrapers of the City of London lit up against a violet and pink dusk sky
Market commentary8 min read

1/1 2027 reinsurance renewals: why terms matter more than rate

Property catastrophe reinsurance rates are heading lower again at January 1. Our treaty team explains why attachment points, wordings and exposure data will decide the quality of a programme more than the headline rate change.

Treaty underwriting team - Global RE Underwriting

Business renewal and contract negotiation setting
Market commentary7 min read

Mid-year renewals: discipline holds, but the margin is thinning

Risk-adjusted property rates softened modestly at 1 June and 1 July while liability terms tightened. Our view on where the cycle sits and which structures we are still prepared to write.

Underwriting committee - Global RE Underwriting

Close-up of a dark blue circuit board with gold contact pads and fine traces
Risk research10 min read

AI in reinsurance underwriting: faster triage, same accountability

Artificial intelligence is changing how reinsurance submissions are read, cleaned and prioritised. It is also creating silent AI exposures in liability portfolios. We look at both sides.

Analytics team - Global RE Risk Science